Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC)

The Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (2014/30/EU) is the core legislation ensuring that electrical equipment functions correctly in its electromagnetic environment. For North American manufacturers, it is vital to understand that this directive is a "two-way street," unlike standard US FCC regulations. It requires your machinery to limit its electromagnetic emissions (so it doesn’t disrupt other devices) while simultaneously possessing adequate immunity (so it doesn't malfunction due to external interference).

To achieve compliance, manufacturers must usually conduct EMC Testing according to relevant Harmonized Standards. This testing simulates real-world electrical noise, such as power surges, electrostatic discharge, or radio frequency interference. A common pitfall for exporters is assuming that using UL-listed components is enough; however, the interaction of these parts in the final assembly can create new compliance gaps.

All test results and design justifications must be compiled into the Technical File. Without this evidence, you cannot legally sign the Declaration of Conformity (DoC) or affix the CE mark. Ignoring EMC requirements is a frequent cause of customs stoppages and functional safety failures in the field.